目錄號 | MX4021-100UL | 售價 | 996.00元 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
規格 | 100μl | 運輸溫度 | 冰袋運輸 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
其他名稱 | PKH26 Red Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit for General Cell Membrane Labeling | 保存溫度 | 2-8℃避光保存 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CAS號 | N/A | 有效期 | 1年 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
應用 | 細胞增殖和示蹤研究 | 訂購數量 |
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產品簡介: PKH26 細胞連接試劑盒(用于常規細胞膜標記)
產品關鍵詞: PKH26;Calcein AM鈣黃綠素;PKH67;CFDA SE;In vivo cell tracking 體內細胞示蹤;Sigma MINI26;Phanos Technologies;
產品信息
【好消息】:應客戶的要求,我司對試劑盒內的Diluent C可單獨供應,產品信息如下:
產品描述 PKH26細胞連接試劑盒(用于常規細胞膜標記)(PKH26 Cell Linker Kit for General Cell Membrane Labeling)是一款基于熒光探針PKH26,用于常規細胞膜標記的檢測試劑盒,適用于體外細胞標記,體外細胞增殖以及長期的體內細胞跟蹤研究等。 PKH26是一種專利的膜標記探針,結構上帶有一長脂肪族尾巴,能穩定插入細胞膜脂質區域。PKH26熒光處于黃-橙色光譜區間(見圖1),最大激發波長為551nm,最大發射波長是567nm,與羅丹明或PE檢測系統兼容。也可能用標準熒光素(Fluorescein)激發濾片,但熒光強度可能會有些降低。PKH26具最長的體內半衰期,超過100天,非常適用于體內細胞示蹤、細胞增殖研究和其他長期實驗。
稀釋液C(Diluent C)是本試劑盒配套提供的一種水溶性溶液,特別設計的一種標記媒介能維持細胞活力,同時最大化染料溶解性和標記過程中的染色效率。Diluent C對哺乳動物細胞來說是等滲的,不含去污劑或有機溶劑,也不含生理鹽和緩沖劑。根據細胞類型,染料標記后膜的內在化程度,標記細胞可能呈現不同的狀態,從明亮,到均勻點狀或斑駁狀。然而,PKH26熒光在生理范圍內不依賴于pH,且每個細胞的熒光強度通常不受染料位置的影響。
圖1. PKH26的激發和發射光譜圖
我司(懋康生物)提供三種規格的PKH26細胞連接試劑盒(用于常規細胞膜標記),其中: Mini Kit(CAT#:MX4021-100UL)建議用于小量或初步研究。當使用2ml染色體積(含2μM 終濃度的PKH26),本試劑盒含有足量的染料用于檢測25次細胞樣本(2×107個細胞/次),和足量的Diluent C用于5次細胞樣本(2×107個細胞/次)。用戶需根據細胞類型和實驗目的來優化確定最佳的染料濃度。 Midi Kit(CAT#:MX4021-200UL)適用于中量研究。當使用2ml染色體積(含2μM 終濃度的PKH26),本試劑盒含有足量的染料用于檢測50次細胞樣本(2×107個細胞/次),和足量的Diluent C用于30次細胞樣本(2×107個細胞/次)。用戶需根據細胞類型和實驗目的來優化確定最佳的染料濃度。 Maxi Kit(CAT#:MX4021-500UL)適用于大量或體內研究。當使用2ml染色體積(含2μM 終濃度的PKH26),本試劑盒含有足量的染料用于檢測125次細胞樣本(2×107個細胞/次),和足量的Diluent C用于30次細胞樣本(2×107個細胞/次)。用戶需根據細胞類型和實驗目的來優化確定最佳的染料濃度 產品包裝
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產品編號 |
產品名稱 |
規格 |
500T |
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MX3009-5MG |
CFDA, SE細胞增殖示蹤熒光探針 |
5mg |
500T |
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MX3011-50UG |
Calcein, AM, Ultra Pure Grade鈣黃綠素(綠色) |
50μg |
MX4021-100UL |
PKH26 Cell Linker Kit for General Cell Membrane Labeling PKH26細胞連接試劑盒(用于常規細胞膜標記) |
100μl |
1×50μg |
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10mg |
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10mg |
— —Written/Edited by V. Shallan【版權歸MKBio懋康所有】
上海懋康生物科技有限公司是一家涉足于生命科學和生物技術領域研究的試劑、儀器和實驗室消耗品與實驗服務工作,主要從事細胞生物學、植物學、分子生物學、免疫學、生物化學、蛋白組學。生物制藥與診斷試劑研發生產等領域。 本公司秉承“以人為本,以誠為信、合同守信”的經營理念。堅持"品質保障"的原則為廣大客戶提供優質產品。
延伸閱讀(懋康生物獨家整理)
鑒于近期大量的用戶咨詢PKH26用于外泌體染色(exosome stain)的方法,我司查閱相關文獻資料,提供染色相關的一些信息,僅供交流學習用。
摘自文獻1)Pu?ar Dominku? P et al. PKH26 labeling of extracellular vesicles: Characterization and cellular internalization of contaminating PKH26 nanoparticles. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr. 2018 Jun;1860(6):1350-1361. PMID: 29551275
◇◇ 外泌體染色(Exosome staining)(簡單流程見Fig 1)
外泌體凍干標準用超純水重懸制備成1.0μg/μL溶液,之后用PKH26紅色熒光檢測試劑盒來標記。染色前,溶于Diluent C的PKH26在超純水水浴鍋于37℃孵育15min。對于對照樣品,用不含顆粒的DPBS來替代外泌體標準。
① 染色流程A
PKH26用100μL diluent C稀釋使其終濃度為8μM(染料濃度)。之后10μg外泌體(in 20μL DPBS,MKBio)用80μL diluent C稀釋,加入染料溶液內,孵育5min,同時用槍輕輕混勻。用100μL不含外泌體的10% FBS (in DMEM,MKBio)來結合多余的染料。之后,外泌體用1ml DPBS稀釋,4°C超速(100000×g)離心1h 10min。之后沉淀用50μL DPBS輕輕重懸。
② 染色流程B
外泌體的染色方法同流程A。之后稀釋到2ml DPBS,轉移到Vivaspin20 300-kDa MWCO filters,于4°C(4000×g)離心3min,之后用2ml DPBS清洗3次,最終用沉淀用50μL DPBS輕輕重懸。
③ 染色流程C
外泌體的染色方法同流程A。之后稀釋到10ml DPBS,置于2ml 20%蔗糖(in DPBS,,MKBio)的上層。外泌體用4°C超速(100000×g)離心1h 10min。之后沉淀用50μL DPBS輕輕重懸。
④ 染色流程D
外泌體的染色方法同流程A。之后稀釋到400μL DPBS,置于20%~60%非連續蔗糖梯度(in DPBS)的上層。外泌體用4°C超速(100000×g,MKBio)離心18h。分層3-6(密度范圍1.08–1.15g/mL)吸在一起,分層7-10(密度范圍1.17–1.23g/mL)吸在一起,每一份都稀釋到30ml DPBS。外泌體用4°C超速(100000×g)離心1h 10min。之后沉淀用50μL DPBS輕輕重懸。
Fig. 1. Schematic representation of staining procedures used to label exosomes with PKH26 dye. Exosomes (exo) were labeled using staining procedures based on ultracentrifugation (procedure A), filtration through Vivaspin concentrators (procedure B), and sucrose cushion (procedure C) and sucrose gradient (procedure D) purification. Key differences between the procedures are highlighted by the green text.
◇◇ 外泌體檢測(Confocal microscopy)
取小體積(6μL)輕輕混勻的PKH26標記對照和外泌體樣本分別轉移到包被有10%多聚L-賴氨酸的蓋玻片上,然后封固在載玻片上,然后轉移到共聚焦顯微鏡下觀察。用561nm diode-pumped solid state laser line觀察,用565nm-605nm寬帶濾片來檢測發射光。
◇◇ 外泌體染色結果分析
針對幾種染色流程,發現①超速離心為基礎的外泌體染色會產生大量的PKH26納米粒子(nanoparticles),直徑類似于PKH26標記的外泌體。②基于過濾(filtration)為基礎的外泌體染色法典型的特征是PKH26標記顆粒的回收率低。③通過蔗糖緩沖層純化的PKH26標記納米粒子和PKH26標記外泌體根據大小能區分開。④PKH26標記納米粒子和PKH26標記外泌體通過進入濃縮蔗糖梯度層能分開。
摘自資料2)來自網絡資源。
PKH染料(常用的有PKH26-MX4021和PKH67)大量文獻用來標記外泌體和胞外囊泡進行體外和體內示蹤實驗。以下步驟可參考用于外泌體標記以進行微囊泡示蹤實驗。
外泌體標記步驟:
(1)利用超速或微過濾的方式制備新鮮的外泌體沉淀。
(2)超速離心機冷卻到2-8℃。將每個樣本的多管離心沉淀聚合在一起,之后測定總體積。
(3)用Diluent C, MX4022將所有體積的沉淀稀釋到高達1ml。
(4)確定最大體積的沉淀樣本,加等體積的不含外泌體的培養基到一個新管內,用Diluent C稀釋到1ml。
(5)加6μLPKH26到1ml Diluent C管內(步驟3和步驟4)。
(6)用槍連續性輕輕混勻30s。室溫靜置5min。
(7)加入含2ml 10% BSA(in PBS)來淬滅反應。用無血清培養基定容體積到8.5ml。
(8)制備0.971M的蔗糖溶液。用槍緩慢吸取1.5ml蔗糖溶液,加到管子底部,確保不會產生震蕩。外泌體-PKH26 MX4021標記溶液加在蔗糖緩沖層(sucrose cushion)的上方。
(9)于2-8℃超速(190,000 G)離心2h?!缸⒁猓和饷隗w在沉淀內,絕大部分多余的染料在中間層」。小心吸取培養基和中間層。
(10)輕輕用槍將外泌體沉淀重懸在1X PBS。
(11)轉移到Amicon 10kDa MWCO超濾管內。加9ml PBS,0.75ml培養基。
(12)于3000 x g離心40min,使得最終保留體積在0.5-1mL。
(13)從Amicon超濾管內吸取濃縮液,保存在冰上。盡快于合適的儀器下分析熒光信號。
引用文獻:
[1]Yu Mengyu et al. Targeted exosome‐encapsulated erastin induced ferroptosis in triple negative breast cancer cells. Cancer Science. 2019;110:3173–3182.
(標記對象:外泌體)
Targeted exosome‐encapsulated erastin induced ferroptosis in triple negative breast cancer cells.
To quantify the amount of erastin@FA‐exo and erastin@exo taken up by MDA‐MB‐231 cells, lipophilic fluorescent dye PKH26 (MaoKang Biotechnology) was used to stain the exosomes. To detect the effect of FA receptor binding on cell uptake, culture medium containing 1.1 mg/mL of free FA was added to MDA‐MB‐231 cells to competitively inhibit FA receptors. After incubation for 6 hours, the cells were washed with PBS 3 times.Then erastin@FA‐exo was added and the cells’ uptake of the drug was observed.
[2]Yanlin Wang et al. Microfluidic Raman biochip detection of exosomes: a promising tool for prostate cancer diagnosis. Lab Chip, 2020,20, 4632-4637 https://doi.org/10.1039/D0LC00677G
(標記對象:外泌體)
PKH26 was obtained from Maokangbio Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China).
[3 ]Wu B, Ye Y, Xie S, Li Y, Sun X, Lv M, Yang L, Cui N, Che5n Q, Jensen LD, Cui D, Huang G, Zuo J, Zhang S, Liu W, Yang Y. Megakaryocytes Mediate Hyperglycemia-Induced Tumor Metastasis. Cancer Res. 2021 Nov 1;81(21):5506-5522. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-21-1180. Epub 2021 Sep 17. PMID: 34535458.
(標記對象:血小板)
For the platelets adhesion assay, the platelet cell membrane was prelabeled by a PKH26 Cell Linker Kit (catalog no. MX4021, Maokangbio) for visualization.
[4] Che J, Wang H, Dong J, Wu Y, Zhang H, Fu L, Zhang J. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes attenuate neuroinflammation and oxidative stress through the NRF2/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2024 Mar;30(3):e14454. doi: 10.1111/cns.14454. Epub 2023 Sep 12. PMID: 37697971; PMCID: PMC10916441.
(標記對象:外泌體)
The red fluorescent dye PKH26 (MaoKang Biotechnology, Shanghai, China) was used to label exosomes according to the manufacturer's instructions. The labeled exosomes were co-cultured with BV-2 cells or primary microglial cultures at a concentration of 10?μg/mL for 6?h, 12?h, and 24?h. Subsequently, the cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 40?min and blocked using 5% bovine serum albumin for 1?h at room temperature. The cytoskeleton was stained with Actin-Tracker Green and the nucleus with DAPI. A confocal laser-scanning microscope (Leica TCS SP 5, Leica Microsystems GmbH) was used for imaging.
[5] Nie S, Zhang Z, Ji Y, Ding Q, Gong J, Xiao F, Chen L, Tian D, Liu M, Luo Z. CRIg+ macrophages deficiency enhanced inflammation damage in IBD due to gut extracellular vesicles containing microbial DNA. Gut Microbes. 2024 Jan-Dec;16(1):2379633. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2379633. Epub 2024 Jul 18. PMID: 39024479; PMCID: PMC11259065.
(標記對象:細胞外囊泡 extracellular vesicles (mEVs))
To track mEVs entering cells and tissues, mEVs were labeled with PKH26 fluorescent dye using the PKH26 Cell Linker Kit (Maokang Biotechnology, Shanghai, China) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
[6]Zong, Hf., Li, X., Han, L. et al. A novel bispecific antibody drug conjugate targeting HER2 and HER3 with potent therapeutic efficacy against breast cancer. Acta Pharmacol Sin 45, 1727–1739 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41401-024-01279-8
(標記對象:MCF10A細胞)
Normal breast tissue MCF10A cells were stained with 2 μM PKH26 (MX4201, Shanghai Maokang Biotechnology, Shanghai, China) following the manufacturer’s protocol.
[7]Yao XW, Liu ZY, Ma NF, Jiang WK, Zhou Z, Chen B, Guan WG, Yan JJ, Yang M. Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Alleviate Dexamethasone-Induced Bone Loss by Regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 Axis. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2023 Feb 1;2023:3602962. doi: 10.1155/2023/3602962. PMID: 36778207; PMCID: PMC9908349.
(標記對象:外泌體)
Purified ADSCs-Exos were labeled with PKH26 (MaoKang Biotechnology, China), as instructed by the manufacturer.
[8] Chen, C., Wang, F., Cheng, C. et al. Cancer-associated Fibroblasts-derived Exosomes with HOXD11 Overexpression Promote Ovarian Cancer Cell Angiogenesis Via FN1. Reprod. Sci. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-024-01716-3
(標記對象:外泌體)
CAFs-Exo were labeled with PKH26 red fluorescent cell dye (MX4021, Shanghai Maokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China)
[9]Zhang B, Yang Y, Tao R, Yao C, Zhou Z, Zhang Y. Exosomes loaded with miR-665 inhibit the progression of osteosarcoma in vivo and in vitro. Am J Transl Res. 2022 Oct 15;14(10):7012-7026. PMID: 36398229; PMCID: PMC9641455.
(標記對象:外泌體)
The exosome was labeled by employing the PKH26 Cell Linker Kit (MX4021, Shanghai Maokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) following the instructions.
[10]Zhang M, Yuan Q, Wang P, Zhang F, Wu D, Bai H, Liu J, Liu H, Yuan X. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Nanovesicles Containing H8 Improve Hepatic Glucose and Lipid Metabolism and Exert Ameliorative Effects in Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Nanomedicine. 2024 Jul 3;19:6643-6658. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S455021. PMID: 38979532; PMCID: PMC11230129.
(標記對象:納米囊泡 nanovesicles)
HepG2 cells were inoculated in confocal laser culture dishes with a density of 1×106 cells per dish. After HepG2 cells were attached to the wall, BMSCs-NVs and H8-BMSCs-NVs solutions containing 10 μg/mL were put into 1.5mL EP tube, and PKH26 (2× 10?6m, Shanghai Maokang Biotechnology, MX4021) dye solution was added into the EP tube. After incubation at 37°C for 10 min, BMSCs-NVs and H8-BMSCs-NVs containing PKH26 dye solution27 were added to the confocal laser culture dish inoculated HepG2 cells for co-incubation. After 12 h, the confocal laser petri dish was taken out and washed 3 times with PBS (pre-heated at 37°C), and appropriate 4% paraformaldehyde solution was fixed for 10 min, then washed twice with PBS (30 s/ times), Triton100 (0.5%) for 2 min, and washed twice with PBS (30 s/ times). Phalloidin (Shanghai Maokang Biotechnology, MX4402) staining (in dark) was incubated at 37°C for 30min, washed with PBS twice (30 s/ time), DAPI staining for 2 min, and cleaned with PBS for 3 times. After that, the uptake of BMSCs-NVs and H8-BMSCs-NVs by HepG2 cells was observed under confocal laser microscope and images were collected.
[11]Jing Z, Zhang G, Cai Y, Liang J, Lv L, Dang X. Engineered extracellular vesicle-delivered TGF-β inhibitor for attenuating osteoarthritis by targeting subchondral bone. J Tissue Eng. 2024 Jul 24;15:20417314241257781. doi: 10.1177/20417314241257781. PMID: 39071897; PMCID: PMC11273819.
標記對象:(EVs)
PKH26 kit was purchased from Shanghai Maokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
[12] Sun J, Wei J, Zhang Y, Li J, Li J, Yan J, Guo M, Han J, Qiao H. Plasma Exosomes Transfer miR-885-3p Targeting the AKT/NFκB Signaling Pathway to Improve the Sensitivity of Intravenous Glucocorticoid Therapy Against Graves Ophthalmopathy. Front Immunol. 2022 Feb 21;13:819680. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.819680. PMID: 35265076; PMCID: PMC8900193.
(標記對象:外泌體)
500 μg purified exosome suspension was taken and diluted to a volume of 500 μl with sterile 1× PBS. According to the instructions, exosomes were labeled with PKH26 staining kit (Maokangbio, Shanghai, China). After staining, the concentration of the stained exosome suspension was quantified by the BCA method, and then aseptic 1× PBS adjusted the exosomes to the appropriate concentration.
[13] Zhao X, Ge P, Lei S, Guo S, Zhou P, Zhao L, Qi Y, Wei X, Wu W, Wang N, Guo R, Yang N, Xiao Q, Zhang Q, Zhu H. An Exosome-Based Therapeutic Strategy Targeting Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease with Berberine and Palmatine. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2023;17:2401-2420
https://doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S417465
(標記對象:外泌體)
The PKH26 fluorescent probe was purchased from Maokangbio (Shanghai, China).
[14]Liu S, Fan M, Xu JX, Yang LJ, Qi CC, Xia QR, Ge JF. Exosomes derived from bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells alleviate cognitive decline in AD-like mice by improving BDNF-related neuropathology. J Neuroinflammation. 2022 Feb 7;19(1):35. doi: 10.1186/s12974-022-02393-2. PMID: 35130907; PMCID: PMC8822863.
(標記對象:外泌體)
the PKH26 staining kit (MX4021-100UL, Maokangbio) was used to stain and label the exosomes
[15]Peng, H.; Du, F.; Wang, J.; Wu, Y.; Wei, Q.; Chen, A.; Duan, Y.; Shi, S.; Zhang, J.; Yu, S. Adipose-Derived Stem-Cell-Membrane-Coated PLGA-PEI Nanoparticles Promote Wound Healing via Efficient Delivery of miR-21. Pharmaceutics 2024, 16, 1113. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16091113
(標記對象:納米載體)
PKH26 (MKbio, Shanghai, China; MX4021) was employed to label the membrane coatings according to the manufacturer’s instructions. PKH26-labeled nanocarriers were then incubated with different types of cells at 37 °C for 6 h. Cells were then fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA; 158127) for 15 min and blocked with 1% FBS for 20 min. The nuclei were stained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI; Beyotime, Shanghai, China; C1002) for 20 min at room temperature.
[16]Chen Y, Shi Y, Tao Z. Fluorescence Tracking of Small Extracellular Vesicles In Vivo. Pharmaceutics. 2023 Sep 8;15(9):2297. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092297. PMID: 37765266; PMCID: PMC10534450.
(標記對象:胞外囊泡 sEVs)
A total of 6.4 mg/mL HucMSC-derived sEVs were incubated with the lipophilic fluorescence dye PKH26 (MKBio, Shanghai, China) at a concentration of 10 μM at 37 °C.
[17] He, S., Wang, Q., Chen, L. et al. miR-100a-5p-enriched exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells enhance the anti-oxidant effect in a Parkinson’s disease model via regulation of Nox4/ROS/Nrf2 signaling. J Transl Med 21, 747 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-023-04638-x
(標記對象:外泌體)
For the in vivo uptake studies, T-MSCs-Exo were labeled using the PKH26 Red Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit (MKbio, Shanghai, China) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
[18] Lin, Z., Xu, G., Lu, X. et al. Chondrocyte-targeted exosome-mediated delivery of Nrf2 alleviates cartilaginous endplate degeneration by modulating mitochondrial fission. J Nanobiotechnol 22, 281 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-024-02517-1
(標記對象:外泌體)
Exosome labelling and visualization
The isolated exosomes were stained with PKH26 (MX4021, MKBio, China) for 5 min at room temperature. The exosomes were separated from the unincorporated dye by centrifugation at 120,000 × g for 90 min and washed twice with PBS. After being purified, the labelled exosomes were resuspended in medium and incubated with CEP cells for internalization assays. The nuclei of CEP cells were stained with 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI; C1006, Beyotime, China). The uptake of labelled exosomes by CEP cells was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy (IX51, Olympus, Japan).
[19] Ren J, Jin Z, Huang Y. Exosomal miR-106a-5p derived from intermittently hypoxic non-small-cell lung cancer increases tumor malignancy. Physiol Rep. 2024 Aug;12(15):e16157. doi: 10.14814/phy2.16157. PMID: 39085755; PMCID: PMC11291016.
(標記對象:外泌體)
Macrophage internalization of exosomes
Exosomes were labeled with the PKH26 kit (MKBio-MX4021, Shanghai, China) according to a previous study (Bang et al., 2014). To summarize, IH and RA exosomes were diluted with PBS, PKH26 was added to incubate for 4?min. Labeled exosomes were incubated for 5?h with differentiated macrophages. The uptake of exosomes by macrophages was observed.
[20] Wu R, Li J, Aicher A, Jiang K, Tondi S, Dong S, Zheng Q, Tang S, Chen M, Guo Z, ?abanovi? B, Ananthanarayanan P, Jiang L, Sapino A, Wen C, Fu D, Shen B, Heeschen C. Gasdermin C promotes Stemness and Immune Evasion in Pancreatic Cancer via Pyroptosis-Independent Mechanism. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Sep 19:e2308990. doi: 10.1002/advs.202308990. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39297408.
(染色對象:巨噬細胞)
In Vitro Macrophage Phagocytosis Assay
PBMC, immortalized Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophage (iBMDM) cells, or THP-1 cells activated with PMA (#S1819, Beyotime, 100 ng mL?1 for three days) were labeled with PKH26 (#MX4021, MaokangBio), while cancer cells were labeled with PKH67 (#MX4023, MaokangBio), following the manufacturer's instructions. The macrophages were then mixed with the cancer cells at a ratio of 2:1 and seeded onto a 6-well plate. Images were taken at the indicated time points, and the phagocytic index was calculated as the number of phagocytosed cancer cells per 100 macrophages. For anti-CD47 antibody treatment, 10 μg mL?1 anti-CD47 antibody or isotype IgG was added to the co-culture medium of CHX2000 cells and iBMDM cells at a 1:1 cell ratio. Cancer cell confluence was determined by fluorescent imaging and quantification.
[21]Li Q, Wang Y, Ling L, Qiao L, Chen H, Ding C, Yu S. Rapid and specific detection nanoplatform of serum exosomes for prostate cancer diagnosis. Mikrochim Acta. 2021 Aug 2;188(8):283. doi: 10.1007/s00604-021-04934-7. PMID: 34341883.
PKH26 was obtained from Maokangbio Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China)